Frederic fisher



' s @auch tetris @anni @ffih FREDERIC FISHER, 0F GLOUCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 69,906, dated October 15, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN TUYERES.

TO ALL WIIOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, FREDERIC FISHER, of Gloucester, in the county of Essex, and State of Massachr setts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Water-Tuyere Irons;" and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon.

y Figure I is a perspective view of the forge and blowing apparatus.

Figure II is a vertical section through the centre of the apparatus.

Figure III is an elevation of the end I of the water-cylinder.

Figure IV is an elevation of the end J of thc water-cylinder.

My improvement in tuyore irons is intended for blowing the fires of furnaces or forges in such a manner that the blast, will be perfectly uniform, and not liable to interruption or clogging by cinders, slag, or other refuse materials, this being effected by a blast from orifices that are directly under or below the fire, and without the use of shields or curved plates over the blast-holes or tuyere mouths.

In Fig. I, the Hoor of a shop or the base of a forge is represented at A, upon whiclris the box or crib B B, forming thc sides or boundaries of the hearth of the forge, the level of the top of the hearth being shown at Q Q. The chimney C and smoke-hood D occupy the usual positions upon one side of the forge, and in thercar of the chimney there is a. suitable cisternvor reservoir of water, E, which is a little higher than the level of the hearth. .A pipe, F, enters the bottom of the cistcrn, and supplies water tothe horizontal cylinder or vessel I J, the top ofwhich is a fewinches below the level of the hearth Q. This cylinder forms a water-jacket around the central blast pipe II, from which rise several small air-tubes K K, terminating at the surface of the cylinder, which deliver the air or blast upon the fuel L. These tubes are water-tight, and are surrounded by the water with which the vcylinder is filled when Vthe apparatus is in use. At the end J of the water-jacket or cylinder, Figs. II and IV, there is a tube, G, which lcadsover the top of the reservoir E, and returns the heated water to the reservoir, the circulation of water being constant through the inlet F and outlet G, or the blast pipe H may be arranged at the bottom of* the vessel I J, so as to be only partially enclosed by the said vessel or reservoir. Near the bottom of thev cylinder, at the end I, Fig. III, there is a tube, O, provided with a stop-cock, N,

by which the water is drawn off, for thc removal of sediment or to prevent damage to the cylinder and tubes by freezing. The coal L, or other fuel, is placed directly over the upper ends of the small tubes K K, from which the blast issues. The lower stratum of the coal rests upon the water-cylinder, which, being at or below the temperature of 212`Fahrcnheit, absorbs caloric rapidly, keeping the tubes cool, and preventing the formation of slag or melted materials near the orifices, owing to the increased temperature of the water in the vessel or reservoir I J, which will be constantly displaced by the cooler water in the reservoir E, suiciently to overcome the difference in vlevel between their respective outlet and inlet-openings, and thus cause a continuous circulation. The slag, cindcrs, and scoriie that fall in small fragments through the upright tubes K K enter the main horizontal blast-tube II. These waste matters are taken out by suitable scrapers, which are inserted at, the cnd of the tube after removing the stopper M,/ though in general the waste matters will be blown out from thc tube II by the force of thc blast without the aid of Scrapers.

In practice, it is found that the water in thc cy-linder .I J is not usually heated to the boiling point, situated as it is below the fire, and with a partially-cooled stratum of fuel resting upon the top of the cylinder. By this arrangement of parts the re may be made at any required position on a hearth or level space, thus securing convenient access to the fire when anchors, heavy shafts, or other large articles are to be forged. There is also a greater economy of fuel when a central irc is used, there being no contiguous brick masonry to absorb the heat. The orifices of thc tubes K, where the blast issues, are within half an inch of the water. They are never overhcatod, and the slag that comes near them is cooled, and thus prevented from falling into the blast-tubes while in va melted state.

What I claim, and desire to sccurc by Letters Patent, s

The water-tight vessel or reservoir I J, surrounding or partially enclosing the main air-tube H, and the tubes K K, in combination with the pipes F and G, and the reservoir E, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

FREDERIC FISHER. [in s.] Witnesses:

CHARLES (J.V SAVILLE, CYRUs STORY. 

